Methaqualone, commonly known as Quaalude, is a psychoactive depressant that was initially used in treating various conditions, including sleep disorders, anxiety and high blood pressure. In the 1960s and ’70s, it became popular as a recreational drug, leading to its notoriety for abuse and addiction. Consequently, it was classified as a controlled substance and is no longer commonly prescribed. In South Africa, methaqualone, also known as Mandrax, is uniquely smoked in a dagga pipe and the country is known for this specific method of consumption.

First synthesized in 1951, methaqualone is a synthetic depressant similar to barbiturates. Its medical use was primarily for treating sleep disorders and as a muscle relaxant but it gained recreational popularity under the names Quaalude and Mandrax. However, due to its high potential for dependence, it was listed under Schedule 2 of the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Today, it is mostly produced in clandestine laboratories.

In South Africa, methaqualone entered the market under the trade name Mandrax and remained popular, leading to illegal production and distribution. Often sold in colorful tablet form, it is commonly smoked mixed with cannabis, using a ‘bottle neck’ or ‘white pipe’ for faster effects. The drug’s calming effects contribute to its popularity in various social settings, including bars, clubs and parties, which has raised concerns about its potential epidemic use. The South African government is responding with public education campaigns and stricter law enforcement.

The 1970s saw a significant rise in methaqualone misuse due to its sedative properties, which appealed to those seeking euphoria or relaxation. The resulting health consequences highlighted the drug’s addictive nature. To address this, rehab and addiction treatment centers offer specialised services, starting with evaluations to determine the addiction’s severity and underlying mental health issues. Detoxification is often necessary to manage withdrawal symptoms, ranging from anxiety and restlessness to more severe effects like insomnia and seizures.

The Fine Line Between Relief And Dependency Is Often Blurred

What are the primary medical uses of methaqualone, and how do its potential for addiction and associated risks impact its classification as a controlled substance? Get help from qualified counsellors.

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